Musicoterapia para la reducción del estrés en adultos sanos: una revisión sistemática.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59028/misostenido.2025.06Palabras clave:
Musicoterapia, reducción del estrés, adultos sanos, escucha musical, bienestarResumen
Antecedentes. El estrés es un problema prevalente actualmente, y la musicoterapia se presenta como una disciplina con gran potencial para reducir sus síntomas. Sin embargo, las revisiones sistemáticas sobre su eficacia en este contexto son controvertidas. Objetivo. Este artículo tiene como objetivo elaborar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para evaluar la eficacia de la musicoterapia en la reducción del estrés en adultos sanos. Método. Se realizó una búsqueda estratégica consultando bases de datos científicas y se seleccionaron 12 estudios de un total de 3690 fuentes identificadas, involucrando a 807 participantes entre 18 y 44 años. Resultados. Los estudios revisados señalaron que la musicoterapia puede reducir el estrés al influir positivamente en la presión arterial, la frecuencia cardíaca, los niveles de cortisol y el bienestar emocional. Sin embargo, estos efectos no son uniformes y dependen de factores como la preferencia musical, el contexto social y la frecuencia de escucha musical. Conclusiones. La musicoterapia es una intervención prometedora para la reducción del estrés, pero su eficacia depende de enfoques personalizados y de una mayor investigación en contextos ecológicos. Su integración con otras estrategias terapéuticas podría mejorar la salud física y psicológica en diversas poblaciones.
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